Interventional Radiology (IR) has transformed modern medicine by providing minimally invasive image-guided procedures that offer reduced morbidity, shorter hospital stays, and improved patient outcomes compared with conventional surgery. Despite these advantages, many interventional radiology procedures carry a substantial risk of hemorrhage, particularly complex vascular interventions, oncological embolization procedures, trauma management, and hepatobiliary interventions. Consequently, timely availability of safe blood components has become an indispensable component of peri-procedural patient care. Blood bank services play a critical role in ensuring uninterrupted access to compatible blood products, maintaining adequate inventories, supporting emergency transfusion requirements, and implementing patient blood management strategies that optimize clinical outcomes while minimizing unnecessary transfusions.

This review examines the evolving role of blood bank services in supporting interventional radiology practice. The article discusses the historical development of interventional radiology and its increasing reliance on transfusion medicine, highlights blood component utilization during various IR procedures, and explores inventory management, emergency blood release protocols, massive transfusion strategies, point-of-care coagulation testing, hemovigilance, and patient blood management initiatives. Furthermore, emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence, machine learning, predictive blood inventory systems, and digital blood bank integration are evaluated for their potential to improve transfusion efficiency and reduce blood wastage.